Does Caffeine Affect the Taste of Coffee and Cola

Have you ever wondered whether  caffeine has a flavor of its own or whether decaffeinated drinks taste different from their caffeinated counterparts because of this ingredient? If so, heres what you need to know. The Flavor of Caffeine Yes, caffeine has a flavor. On its own, it tastes bitter, alkaline, and slightly soapy. In coffee, cola, and other beverages it contributes this flavor, plus it also reacts with other ingredients to produce new flavors. Removing caffeine from coffee or cola changes the flavor of the drink because the resulting products are missing the bitterness of caffeine, the flavors resulting from interactions between the caffeine and other ingredients in the product, and also because the process of removing caffeine may impart or remove flavors. Also, sometimes the recipe for decaffeinated products differs by more than just the absence of caffeine. How Is Caffeine Removed? Caffeine is often added to cola, but it also naturally occurs in the leaf extracts used as flavorings. If caffeine is omitted as an ingredient, others need to be added to approximate the original flavor. Removing caffeine from coffee is more complicated because the alkaloid is part of the coffee bean. The two main processes used to decaffeinate coffee are the Swiss water bath (SWB) and ethyl acetate wash (EA). For the SWB process, coffee is decaffeinated using osmosis in a water bath. Soaking the beans can remove flavor and aroma as well as caffeine, so the coffee is often soaked in water enriched with caffeine-free green coffee extract. The end product is a decaffeinated coffee with a (milder) flavor of the original beans, plus the flavor of the coffee extract. In the EA process, caffeine is extracted from the beans using the volatile organic chemical ethyl acetate. The chemical evaporates, plus any residue is burned off during the roasting process. However, EA processing does affect the flavor of the beans, often adding a fruity flavor, like wine or bananas. Whether this is desirable or not is a matter of taste. Does Decaf Taste Better or Worse Than Regular Coffee? Whether decaffeinated coffee tastes better or worse than the regular cup of joe is a matter of personal preference. Decaffeinated coffee doesnt usually taste  a lot different, just lighter. If you like the flavor of a dark, bold roast, decaffeinated coffee probably wont taste as good to you. On the other hand, if you like a light roast, you may prefer the flavor of decaf. Keep in mind, there are already huge flavor differences between coffee products because of the origin of the beans, the roasting process, and how they are ground. If you dont like the flavor of one decaffeinated product, that doesnt mean youll necessarily hate all of them. There are even coffee varieties that naturally contain less caffeine, so they dont need to undergo additional processing.

President Gerald Ford Essay - 1433 Words

President Gerald Ford Outline I. Introduction II. Early Life III. Presidency IV. Conclusion V. Bibliography Introduction Ford may not be the most important president during his time, but he did more than some presidents did for the people. One of them was raising their spirits and hopes for the people to the government. He helped people gain confidence in their president again after losing confidence with Nixon. He set new records and started getting the United States on its feet again after having a very hard time in the past. He started his presidency with an oath on August 9, 1974 which he said - Our long national nightmare is over (4, page 422) which started his†¦show more content†¦He joined the Navy and was discharged as lieutenant commander. He married Elizabeth Bloomer Warren and entered the Republican primary in Michigan during 1948. November, he was elected to the House of Representatives and was reelected every two years till 1973. In the House, he was know to be a moderately conservative, hardworking member of the Republican Party. In 1965, he was the Republican House leader.(1,page1) While in the House of Representatives, he announced: A Republican of the Presidents domestic policies...Its going to be rough going for him around here. Congress will write the laws, not the executive branch. (3, page 29) Presidency After Agnew resigned, Ford was then nominated as Vice President from the House of Representatives. About six months later, The Watergate scandal forced Nixon to resign. Ford set records as the 1st president in history who had not been chosen in a national election as President or Vice-President. He soon pardoned Nixon for the crimes he might of commited during office. Ford wanted people to look ahead and stop worrying about Nixon and Watergate. As soon as he got in office, the country had an economic slump which had a recession combined with inflation causing a stagflation. He had other problems too, he had a running battle with the Democratic Congress. He had vetoed 61 bills and had 12 vetoes overridden. TheShow MoreRelatedPresident Gerald R. Ford736 Words   |  3 PagesNixon, because of the Watergate scandal (break-in of Democratic National Committee headquarters and the cover-up) and other issues, resigned in August of 1974. Vice President Gerald R. Ford became President. Ford Years (8/1974-1977) †¦ President Gerald R. Ford was not exactly an expert in the area of economic issues. Unfortunately, his advisors did not seem to be much better. Urging people to wear WIN buttons (win inflation now) was not exactly a serious attempt to improve the economy. StagflationRead MoreGerald Ford s President Of The United States943 Words   |  4 PagesDylan Marrone Weiss Research Paper Gerald Ford What makes a great president? Being the President of the United States is one of the most difficult positions to be in. 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Ford 5.What innovative aircraft designer convinced Henry and Edsel Ford to become involved in commercial aviation? A) Orville Wright B) Donald Douglas C) Anthony Fokker D) William B. Stout E) Charles A. Lindbergh 6.What U.S. president came to DetroitRead MoreAmerican History: 1992 - 2000715 Words   |  3 Pagestechnological divide * Disputed Election of 2000 The Clinton Recovery When President Nixon resigned in August of 1974, then Vice President Gerald Ford took over as President. President Nixon’s resignation was the first in Presidential history due to a scandal that is still considered controversial to this day. Termed â€Å"Watergate,† the break-ins at the Democratic National Convention (DNC) was orchestrated by a group of President Nixon’s aides who eventually were caught and indicted for their involvementRead MoreAnnalee Ferguson. Dr. Wolfe. Dc American History. 30 March1268 Words   |  6 PagesAnnalee Ferguson Dr. Wolfe DC American History 30 March 2017 Gerald Ford Gerald Ford was a simple man born in Omaha, Nebraska on July 14, 1913 (Brinkley 1). Through trials and tribulations growing up, Ford, originally named Leslie Lynch King, Jr., became a stellar football player, friend, and student (Green). Though law was always in his wheelhouse, graduating in the top third of his class at Yale’s Law School, Ford never intended on being in a position higher than Speaker of the House, which heRead MoreThe Political Disaster of Watergate Essay879 Words   |  4 PagesThe political disaster of Watergate in the early 1970s marked the first time a president resigned. Essentially, it began when a former Marine, Daniel Ellsberg, who no longer supported war in Vietnam, leaked an analysis of American involvement there to The New York Times, starting in 1971. President Richard Nixon, a very private man, demanded that these Pentagon Papers be kept secret in order to prevent the public from finding out exactly what was going on. The scandal that followed ruined Nixon andRead MoreRIchard Nixon and The Water Gate Scandal Essay882 Words   |  4 PagesRichard Nixon was president during 1969-1974 and was the first president to resign from office. During this time there was a scandal known as the Watergate Scandal. It was about five men who broke into the watergate building and stole secret documents. They were caught, but some people believe Nixon was involved. He may have even tried to cover up the investigation using bribes. Richard Nixon was born and raised in California in 1913 and died 1994. He was our 37th president of the United States ofRead MoreRichard Nixons Pardon Rhetorical Analysis Essay1800 Words   |  8 PagesPresident Gerald Ford’s Pardon of Richard Nixon Former President of the United States, Gerald R. Ford gave a speech pardoning his predecessor, former President Richard Nixon, of all offenses against the United States that he may have committed during his presidency. The announcement was made live on September 8, 1974. The speech was written to persuade the country to agree with the pardoning of Nixon and forgive him for the crimes he had committed against his country. Ford states that â€Å"Theirs (Nixon’s

Cost Behave in Management Accounting

Question: Discuss about the Cost Behave in Management Accounting. Answer: Introduction: Cost behave in two basic way in cost accounting. With the increase in output, either the cost of products increases or the cost remains indifferent regardless of level of output. Variable cost may be defined as the cost that varies with the level of output produced. For example, labor and raw material requirement in producing the output. Corporate expense is regarded as variable cost and they fluctuate with output level. Depending upon the volume of production of organization, variable costs varies. With the increase in level of output, the variable costs increases and they fall with the fall in level of output. There is a significant difference between variable cost and fixed cost as the later remains unchanged irrespective of level of output produced. Fixed cost within an organization is rent, office suppliers and insurance. Total costs comprised of fixed as well as variable costs. A project can be completed and the necessary factors incudes variable costs that may involve direct labor costs or direct material costs. The packaging of the product o company involves the variable costs, as the coast would vary depending upon the number of packages. Cost of packaging of the product would increase if the company increases the volume of products it is producing. On the other hand, there would be a fall in cost of packaging if the fewer products were sold. Discussion: Fixed costs are such costs that must be incurred by the company whether the products are produced or not. Over the range of production or specified period, the fixed cost remains fixed. With the increase or decrease for products produces and sold, the fixed costs remains unaffected. It is incurred even if the company is having zero production. Regardless of the business activities of the company, they have to incur and pay fixed costs. Along with the variable costs, fixed costs is also regarded as one of the component of total costs. Irrespective of level of production, it is not possible for the business to avoid fixed costs, as it is an operating expense. Break even analysis usually make use of fixed costs that is used to determine the production level, pricing and sales (Otley Emmanuel, 2013). It is regarded as the level of costs under which the company does not make profit nor it incurs loss. The total cost structure of company is decomposed into total fixed costs and total variable costs. An organization is able to ensure its level of profitability with the help of its total cost structure. The total amount of revenue required by the company so that the total variable and fixed costs expenses are covered is determined by break-even point during specified time. Revenues can be stated in different measurement such as it can be measured by delivering the services in hours or it can be stated in units. The level of output at which the total cost of doing the business or costs involved in producing the output is exactly equal to the total amount of revenue earned by the business is the break-even point (Kaplan Atkinson, 2015). An organization can calculate the sales revenue by multiplying the price of the products by the number of level of output produced. Such calculation can be done at any level of output produced. A company uses assumption for calculating the break-even point that change in revenue is associated with the change in level of sales. However, such assumption may not hold true in some of the cases because, it is certainly possible that company will have varyi ng degree of profitability due to the diversion of products. For grabbing the attention of customers and with the variation in demand, the company may diversify the customers. There are many reasons that is attributable to increase in the selling expense and it may increase due to selling the products in diversified market and not due to selling expense arising from the additional unit production. It is the reason that the selling price in two different markets will be different. The market price of security is exactly equal to the costs at the price level that is determined by using the break-even analysis. In the event of trading options, buyers of option is reached at the option providing using the break even analysis and it is the price that must be reached by buyer for buying the options for avoiding loss if the options are exercised by them. Premium paid and the exercise price determines the breakeven point for a byer buying call option. On the other hand, the break-even point for buyer of put position is determined by subtracting the premium paid from the strike price. For purchasing the right to sell or buy the particular stocks at a specified time, options are exercised by investors. It is required by investor to become aware of the market price and whether they are generating loss or gain. Therefore, break-even is considered important to investors as it helps them with the investment decisions. Subtracting all the associated variable costs form the price of products gives the contribution margin and for each unit of products sold, the result is incremental profit. The total earning available for generating the profit and paying the fixed expenses is given by the total contribution margin. In situation of special pricing, the decision to allow a lower pricing is determined by contribution margin. It would not be wise for the organization to sell the product at price where the contribution margin is negative or excessively low. The concept of contribution margin is applicable in many areas and it includes profit center, subsidiaries, product line, customer sales and distribution channel. The contribution margin can be obtained by deducting the total variable costs from the revenue generated by the net revenue. The variable cost of any products involves cost of direct raw material and sales commission for selling the products. The contribution margin ratio is expressed as percentage and it is the difference between sales and variable expense. Analysis: In association with team logos, Kincaid Company sells flags. The company has a variable cost expense of $ 4.20 per flag and the total fixed costs stands at $ 639600. Hence, the price of each flag to be sold is $ 12.00. It is point, which is, pre-determined at which the investor would exit the market if it were in profitable position. KinCaid Company sells flags at the breakeven point of 82000 flags and this is considered as the target of the company products to be sold every year. The target profit is compared with the actual income generated a n depicted in the income statement and it is obtained from the process of budgeting. The formal for calculating the target profit is obtained by deducting the variable as well as fixed costs from the net revenue. It is required by Kincaid to make sales worth $ 1034000. It is obtained by adding up the target profit with the fixed costs and then dividing into the contribution ratio. The result of unprofitable operation of company is recorded and depicted in the contribution margin of the income statement for the year ending 31st December 2016. The data depicts sales revenue of $ 900000, fixed cost of $ 639600, variable cost of $ 315000, operating loss of $ 54600 and contribution margin of $ 585000. Effect of taxes, interest expenses and interest income is not considered in the operating loss. However, in some cases expenses concerning depreciation might be included. A company would require external financing if it is consistently generating operating losses. Whether the core operations of the company is profitable or not is indicated by the operating loss. It is therefore required to either decrease the costs or increase the revenue. For some startup companies, operating loss is expected as the y attempt to grow their business on faster pace. Reference: Kaplan, R. S., Atkinson, A. A. (2015).Advanced management accounting. PHI Learning. Otley, D., Emmanuel, K. M. C. (2013).Readings in accounting for management control. Springer.